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DNB OBG Previous Year Questions

These are the DNB OBG (Obstetrics & Gynaecology) theory questions asked by NBEMS in the December 2025 and June 2025 exams, listed paper by paper as they appeared. The Prep DNB app has all 25 DNB sessions from June 2014 to December 2025 plus 6 DipNB papers — 1,180 questions in total — with repeat-question tracking, examiner keywords and MCQs.

Jump to: December 2025 · June 2025 · Important topics · Older papers

DNB OBG December 2025 Question Paper

Paper 1

  1. a) Write down branches of internal iliac artery. [2] b) Describe stepwise devascularization of uterus. [3] c) How will you manage a case of a 26-year-old P1L1 patient who has given birth to a full term baby three hours ago, is having excessive bleeding per vaginum? [5]
  2. a) Carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy. [5] b) How do you screen for gestational diabetes mellitus in India? [2] c) How do you manage once a patient is found screen positive? Make a step wise management flowchart. [3]
  3. a) Describe the anatomy of anal sphincter complex with suitable diagram. [5] b) How do you classify perineal tear? [2] c) Describe the management of complete perineal tear. [3]
  4. a) What is the structure and function of progesterone? [3] b) Write down generations of progestin. [2] c) Discuss the uses of different generations of progestin in gynaecology. [5]
  5. a) Describe the normal vaginal flora. [5] b) Discuss the diagnosis and management of various types of vaginal discharge. [5]
  6. a) Describe the physiological changes during normal puerperium. [5] b) Write down the physiology of milk let down. [3] c) Write steps to promote successful breast feeding. [2]
  7. a) Describe the pathophysiological changes in urinary tract in stress urinary incontinence. [5] b) How will you evaluate and manage a 48-year-old P3L3 presenting with stress incontinence? [5]
  8. a) What is the role of Doppler in obstetrics? [5] b) Discuss the utility of Doppler studies in management of Rh isoimmunized pregnancies. [5]
  9. a) Write down the pathophysiological changes in PCOS. [5] b) How will you manage a case of primary infertility with PCOS? [5]
  10. a) Lymphatic drainage of cervix. [3] b) Describe current WHO protocol cervical cancer screening. [5] c) Types of HPV vaccines and guidelines for HPV vaccination. [2]

Paper 2

  1. a) Define anemia in pregnancy and classify its severity. [2] b) Investigative work-up of a case of anemia. [3] c) Describe the management of G3P2L1 at 28 weeks pregnancy with anemia. [5]
  2. a) Discuss in detail the etiopathogenesis of preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PTPROM). [4] b) How will you work up and manage a 26-year-old primigravida at 31 weeks of gestation presenting with PTPROM? [6]
  3. a) Strategies to minimize transmission of HIV in perinatal period. [5] b) Government of India guidelines for treatment of HIV in pregnancy. [5]
  4. a) Discuss the mechanism of normal labor. [3] b) Management of aftercoming head in breech delivery during labor. [5] c) What are the complications of breech vaginal delivery? [2]
  5. a) Essential newborn care as per WHO guidelines. [5] b) Neonatal resuscitation. [5]
  6. a) Discuss the management of uterine inversion after delivery. [5] b) How can you detect deep vein thrombosis on day five of postpartum and how will you manage such a case? [2+3]
  7. a) How will you diagnose and grade intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy? [5] b) How will you manage a 28 years G2P1L1 at 30 weeks of pregnancy with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy? [5]
  8. a) Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan. [5] b) q-SOFA score in pregnancy. [5]
  9. a) What are the essential components of fetal autopsy? [3] b) Anencephaly - diagnosis and management. [5] c) Breaking bad news of stillbirth at term during normal vaginal delivery. [2]
  10. a) Diagnosis and management of peripartum cardiomyopathy. [5] b) Role of magnesium sulphate therapy in obstetrics. [5]

Paper 3

  1. Discuss indications, procedure and complications of uterine artery embolization. [10]
  2. a) Staging of uterovaginal prolapse as per Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification. [3] b) Discuss the principle of prolapse surgery to prevent vault prolapse. [2] c) Discuss the various surgical techniques for management of nulliparous prolapse. [5]
  3. a) How do you classify gestational trophoblastic disease? Write down the differences in their clinical features, diagnostic criteria and management. [7] b) Modified WHO Prognostic Scoring System for gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN). [3]
  4. a) Discuss the various diagnostic modality used in diagnosis of genital TB. [5] b) Describe management of genital TB. [3] c) What are the sequelae of genital TB? [2]
  5. a) Write down the investigative workup of an infertile couple. [5] b) Discuss the management of a case of unexplained infertility. [5]
  6. a) Enumerate risk factors for development of endometrial carcinoma. [2] b) Classification of Ca endometrium. [3] c) Discuss management of Ca endometrium stage I. [5]
  7. a) Define precocious puberty. [2] b) Enumerate the causes of precocious puberty. [3] c) Discuss the management of precocious puberty. [5]
  8. a) How do you define primary amenorrhea? [2] b) What are the causes of primary amenorrhea? [4] c) How would you manage a case of primary amenorrhea? [4]
  9. a) What are the types and causes of dysmenorrhea? [5] b) What are the clinical features and ultrasound criteria for diagnosis of adenomyosis? [5]
  10. a) Write down various types of benign solid ovarian tumours and their complications. [5] b) Write various scoring systems for prediction of ovarian malignancy. [5]

Paper 4

  1. a) Define HIPEC. [2] b) Write down its indications and contraindications. [3] c) Describe its methodology and post-op care. [5]
  2. a) Discuss the principle of prenatal diagnostic test. [5] b) Chorionic villus sampling - timing, indications and complications. [3] c) Counseling of a case of fetal ascites. [2]
  3. a) What is maternal near miss? [2] b) Write down the causes of Maternal Near Miss (MNM). [5] c) Discuss the implementation plan of government of India for MNM. [3]
  4. a) Write diagnosis and management of a case of isthmocele. [5] b) Define cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. [2] c) Discuss diagnostic criteria and management of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. [3]
  5. a) Discuss the role of robotic surgery in gynaecology - current indications, advantages and limitations. [5] b) Discuss the key Doppler indices, their interpretation, clinical significance and how Doppler findings guide timing of delivery in fetal growth restriction. [5]
  6. a) Elagolix - indications and side effects. [2] b) Contraception in a 40 year old lady. [5] c) Recent amendment in MTP Act. [3]
  7. a) Define foetal therapy. [2] b) Discuss the principles, indications and categorization of fetal therapy. [8]
  8. a) What is gender dysphoria in teenagers? [2] b) Discuss the issues and management of Transgender adolescents. [8]
  9. a) What is preimplantation genetic testing? [5] b) ICMR Guidelines for Surrogacy in India. [5]
  10. a) Discuss the staging of twin-twin transfusion syndrome and management options. [5] b) Ventriculomegaly in fetus - causes and management. [5]

DNB OBG June 2025 Question Paper

Paper 1

  1. a) Write names of the muscles attached at the perineal body. [2] b) Course of pudendal nerve and its branches and supply in perineum. [4] c) Describe the steps of repair of 3c perineal tear. [4]
  2. a) Write down the ESHRE/ESGE consensus on the classification of female genital tract congenital anomalies. [5] b) How will you differentiate between an arcuate uterus, septate uterus and bicorporeal uterus on a 3D ultrasound? Describe with the help of appropriate diagrams. [5]
  3. a) Supports of uterus. [4] b) POP-Q classification of genito urinary prolapse. [4] c) Aetiology of genitourinary prolapse. [2]
  4. a) What cardiovascular and hemodynamic changes take place in antenatal women near term? [4] b) What precautions would you take in a patient with rheumatic heart disease with severe mitral stenosis at 32 weeks of gestation? [4] c) What is supine hypotension syndrome? [2]
  5. a) Describe decidua, its different types and their function with appropriate diagram. [4] b) Describe stages of development of trophoblast. [4] c) What do you understand by trophoblastic invasion of the spiral arteries and what are its practical implications? [2]
  6. a) What do you understand by maternal mortality and what are the three most common causes of maternal mortality in India? [3] b) What preventive measures would you take to reduce maternal mortality in India? [3] c) What are the various schemes in ongoing national health programs to reduce maternal mortality? [4]
  7. a) Describe phases of menstrual cycle. [3] b) Role of different hormones in regulation of menstruation. [3] c) Work up of a case of a 17-year-old girl with well developed secondary sexual characters and primary amenorrhea? [4]
  8. a) What is Tanner staging? [2] b) Describe Tanner staging of breast. [4] c) Turner's syndrome. [4]
  9. a) Write the causes of male factor infertility. [3] b) How will you work up a case of male infertility? [4] c) How will you manage a couple with male factor infertility with azoospermia? [3]
  10. a) What do you understand by heavy menstrual bleeding as described by FIGO? [2] b) Describe pictorial blood assessment chart [PBAC]? [4] c) Classify abnormal uterine bleeding. [4]

Paper 2

  1. a) What are the types of ectopic pregnancy? [2] b) Diagnostic workup of caesarean scar pregnancy. [4] c) Management of cesarean scar pregnancy. [4]
  2. a) Modified WHO classification of gestational trophoblastic disease. [2] b) Investigations and management of a case of complete mole. [4] c) Write short note on placental site trophoblastic tumor. [4]
  3. a) Compare the different strategies for screening for aneuploidies. [4] b) How can screening for pre-eclampsia be performed in the first trimester? [3] c) Write three clinical situations in which non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) cannot be offered. [3]
  4. A 32-year-old second gravida with history of preterm labour at 32 weeks with no living issue has reported in ANC OPD at 25 weeks with cervical length 2.1 cm. a) How would you manage this patient? [2] b) Write advantages and disadvantages of rescue cerclage. [4] c) What are the early neonatal complications of preterm birth? [4]
  5. a) What are the favorable factors for trial of labor after caesarean (TOLAC)'? [2] b) What are signs and symptoms of scar rupture during TOLAC? [4] c) How will you manage a case of undiagnosed focal placenta increta accidentally discovered during emergency caesarean section? [4]
  6. a) What do you understand by instrumental delivery? [2] b) Complications of instrumental delivery. [4] c) Write a note on different birthing positions and their advantages. [4]
  7. a) Define non immune hydrops (NIH)'. [2] b) Write the most common causes according to their frequency of occurrence at different gestational age at presentation. [4] c) How will you counsel parents for fetal autopsy for a case of NIH presenting as intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) at 32 weeks? [4]
  8. a) Classify hypertensive disorder of pregnancy? [3] b) Describe the bundle approach for hypertensive emergencies. [4] c) What will be the management strategies for a case of status eclampticus refractory to magnesium sulphate therapy? [3]
  9. a) What are the diagnostic criteria for early onset fetal growth restriction? [4] b) Write the surveillance protocol and management algorithm for a case of stage 1 FGR at 28 weeks. [4] c) Timing of birth in late onset FGR. [2]
  10. a) Types of placental anastomosis in monochorionic gestations and their clinical implications. [5] b) Write the four possible outcomes in a case of right occipito-posterior position and their management. [5]

Paper 3

  1. A 49-year-old anxious postmenopausal woman BMI 30 Kg/m2comes to your OPD with joint pain and hot flushes. a) What are the causes of her vasomotor symptoms? [4] b) What will be your approach to counsel and manage this patient? [4] c) What are the absolute contraindications of Hormonal Replacement Therapy (HRT)? [2]
  2. A 52-year-old woman underwent hysterectomy 5 years back for uterovaginal prolapse, presents in OPD with something coming out per vaginum with no bowel and bladder symptoms. a) What is your differential diagnosis? [2] b) Preventive measures at the time of primary surgery to avoid this. [2] c) Enumerate various surgical options for her and describe the surgical steps of one of them. [2+4]
  3. A 31-year-old sexually active girl has come with complaints of vaginal discharge and is also concerned about her being at risk of cervical cancer. On per speculum examination, there is small ulcer at the ectocervix. a) What diagnostic tests will you do to diagnose the cause of the lesion? [4] b) What are the treatment options for cervical erosion with CIN 1? [2] c) What preventive measures can you offer her for cervical malignancy in case her current tests indicate a benign etiology? [4]
  4. a) Classify perineal tear. [4] b) Write step by step management of complete perineal tear using suitable diagram. [4] c) Write down postoperative care after repair of complete perineal tear. [2]
  5. A 43-year-old nulliparous patient presents in gynecology OPD with lump in the lower abdomen of size of a watermelon. a) What are your differential diagnoses? [2] b) How will you confirm the diagnosis? [4] c) Write a note comparing the different risk of malignancy indices. [4]
  6. a) A 38-year-old P1L1 presents in OPD with abnormal uterine bleeding. On ultrasonography, endometrial thickness is 16 mm. i) What are your differential diagnoses? [2] ii) What are ultrasonography features of endometrial carcinoma? [2] b) How would you manage a case of 34-year-old P1L1 eager to conceive for second child with endometrial biopsy report of atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium? [6]
  7. a) Name some injectable hormonal contraceptives and their mode of application. [3] b) Write medical eligibility criteria of injectable hormonal contraceptive. [4] c) Write a short note on implants as contraceptives. [3]
  8. a) What are the causes of anovulation? [4] b) Role of doppler in evaluation of ovary and uterus in an infertile patient? [4] c) Complications of ovulation induction? [2]
  9. a) What are the risk factors for cancer cervix? [2] b) How will you counsel an 18-year-old girl keen on getting sexually active regarding primary prevention of carcinoma cervix? [3] c) Describe the secondary preventive methods for cancer cervix. [5]
  10. a) What are the clinical features of adenomyosis? [3] b) What are the ultrasonography findings of adenomyosis? [4] c) Medical management of adenomyosis. [3]

Paper 4

  1. a) What are various different types of assisted reproductive technique? [4] b) What is the Surrogacy Amendments Rule, 2024? Write down some of its key points. [4] c) What is the punishment for violation of Surrogacy Act? [2]
  2. a) What do you understand by secondary postpartum hemorrhage and what are its causes? [4] b) What do you understand by massive blood transfusion protocol? [4] c) What is shock index? [2]
  3. a) Describe the components of WHO labour care guide. [5] b) What are its advantages and disadvantages over conventional partogram? [5]
  4. a) What do you understand by placenta accreta spectrum? [2] b) Ultrasonographic diagnostic features of placenta accreta spectrum. [4] c) Write management of a case of placenta percreta diagnosed at 32 weeks of pregnancy. [4]
  5. a) FIGO consensus guidelines on intrapartum fetal monitoring: Cardiotocography. [5] b) Interpretation of computerized cCTG. [5]
  6. a) Ergonomics of port positions in total laparoscopic hysterectomies. [5] b) Complications of total laparoscopic hysterectomy. [5]
  7. a) FIGO classification of fibroid uterus. [5] b) Guidelines regarding methods to remove sub-mucous fibroid. [5]
  8. a) What are the criteria for selective fetal growth restriction in monochorionic twin pregnancies? [2] b) What are the different stages for sFGR in monochorionic gestations? [3] c) Compare expectant management with fetal interventions in sFGR. [5]
  9. a) What are the tools or instruments available for hysteroscopic resection of septum? [4] b) What are the available media used in various hysteroscopic procedures while using different types of energy sources? [4] c) How can you minimize water intoxication in hysteroscopy? [2]
  10. a) What do you understand by carrier screening for genetic disorders? [4] b) What are the various diagnostic genetic tests available and their utility? [4] c) How will you screen twins and higher order births for aneuploidy? [2]

High-Yield DNB OBG Topics

A selection of 27 of the 51 important topics curated in the app from repeated DNB OBG questions.

Obstetric emergencies — highest yield

  • Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia/HELLP: pathogenesis, severe features, MgSO4 regimens, antihypertensives, delivery timing
  • Antepartum haemorrhage: placenta previa, abruptio placentae, vasa previa — diagnosis and management
  • Placenta accreta spectrum: risk factors, ultrasound/MRI diagnosis, management at caesarean

Antenatal care and fetal medicine

  • Physiological changes in pregnancy: cardiovascular, renal, haematological, coagulation
  • Antenatal care: booking investigations, high-risk pregnancy, visit schedule
  • Fetal growth restriction: early vs late onset, Doppler (UA, MCA, CPR), surveillance, timing of delivery

Labour and delivery

  • Induction of labour: Bishop score, cervical ripening (PGE2, Foley, misoprostol), complications
  • WHO labour care guide and partogram interpretation
  • Prolonged labour: active phase arrest, deep transverse arrest, cephalopelvic disproportion

Medical disorders in pregnancy

  • Gestational diabetes: DIPSI/OGTT screening, management (MNT, metformin, insulin), complications
  • Diabetes pre-existing in pregnancy: preconception counselling, glycaemic targets
  • Anaemia in pregnancy: iron deficiency, parenteral iron ( dose calculation), Anemia Mukt Bharat

Gynaecological endocrinology

  • Primary and secondary amenorrhoea: workup, Turner syndrome, MRKH, AIS, PCOS
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding: PALM-COEIN, HMB management (LNG-IUS, tranexamic acid, ablation)
  • PCOS: Rotterdam criteria, long-term risks, infertility and hirsutism management

Benign gynaecology and urogynaecology

  • Fibroid uterus: FIGO classification, medical (GnRH agonists, UAE) and surgical management
  • Endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma: risk factors, diagnosis, management
  • Pelvic organ prolapse: POP-Q staging, pessary vs surgery

Gynaecological oncology

  • Cervical cancer: screening (Pap, VIA, HPV), FIGO staging, treatment by stage, HPV vaccination
  • Ovarian cancer: RMI, CA-125, staging, debulking surgery, chemotherapy
  • Endometrial cancer: risk factors (PCOS, tamoxifen), diagnosis, surgical staging

Contraception and reproductive health

  • Contraception: OCP, POP, IUCD (Cu-T, LNG-IUS), injectables, sterilization, emergency contraception
  • Medical termination of pregnancy: MTP Act provisions, methods, complications
  • Recurrent pregnancy loss: causes, APS (EULAR criteria), LMWH, investigation protocol

Anatomy, embryology, and surgical basics

  • Pelvic anatomy: ureter course, internal iliac branches, supports of uterus, lymphatic drainage
  • Müllerian development anomalies; fetal circulation and placental physiology
  • Laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery: indications, complications (vascular, bowel, ureter)

Older DNB OBG Question Papers & DipNB Papers

The remaining 29 papers are available in the Prep DNB app, organized paper-wise with repeat-question tracking.

Get all 31 papers in the app

Previous Year Questions for Other DNB Subjects